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Digital Cameras - Get to know your digital camera |
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Written by Tim Martins
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Wednesday, 01 October 2008 06:52 |
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Your digital camera exposure time determines how long your digital camera takes to record its picture. On a well-lit day, exposure times can be very short because plenty of light is available to help record a photograph. At nighttime, exposure time can increase dramatically due to the near absence of light. Although most digital cameras handle this adjustment automatically, you should learn how to adjust your exposure time by hand. Read your digital camera's manual for instructions.
by DanFeildman
Your digital camera exposure time determines how long your digital camera takes to record its picture. On a well-lit day, exposure times can be very short because plenty of light is available to help record a photograph. At nighttime, exposure time can increase dramatically due to the near absence of light. Although most digital cameras handle this adjustment automatically, you should learn how to adjust your exposure time by hand. Read your digital camera's manual for instructions.
Most higher-end digital cameras support a histogram feature that can be displayed before or after you take a photo. Though it looks like a complex chart, a histogram is merely a representation of an image's brightness, and whether or not it has rich shadow and highlight areas. Without going into science or a lot of details, here's how you can use your histogram while taking pictures. If the histogram is weighted towards the left side with vary little if any curvature near the right, your photo will most likely be underexposed (too dark). Use your exposure compensation tool to brighten the image. Consider a slower shutter speed to allow more light to enter the camera lens. Note that there are exceptions. Are you taking photos of fireworks in a night sky? Since most of the picture will be dark your histogram should naturally be weighted towards the left.
Here are some tips for taking clean, crisp, photographs with your digital camera when you don't have a tripod handy: Set the camera exposure time as quick as possible. This will require some experimentation, because short exposure times during night or poorly lighted situations usually result in bad pictures with washed out colors. Try to find a balance between an exposure time long enough to get a pleasing photograph versus an exposure time short enough to eliminate 'camera shake'. Use flash. In many situations flash can really save a picture. Flash works best if you are relatively close to a subject so the light can reflect; taking flash photographs of skylines or distant subjects may not perform as well. Sometimes the difference between taking great sunrise and sunset photography and shooting only so-so photos is the patience the photographer has in staying through the entire event. Arrive early: If you are shooting in a popular area, by arriving early you can claim a good spot to watch and record the show. It may take time to set up your tripod and other equipment. Plus, for sunrises, you have a better chance of seeing birds or other animals and these can make for great silhouetted subjects. Stay late: Clouds can change the color of the sky minute-by-minute. Twilight after the perceived end of a sunset may bask the sky in a colorful glow, and you don't want to be driving away from the scene wishing you had stayed just a couple minutes longer!
If your digital camera has an optical viewfinder and not an electronic one, you should never, never use this when pointing your digital camera towards the sun, especially for sunrise and sunset photos! As your digital camera's optical viewfinder is not tinted, it's almost as bad as just pointing your head and looking straight at the sun. This could cause serious eye damage. Looking through a viewfinder versus the LCD helps you hold the camera sturdier and closer to your eyes, thus reducing camera shake. However, in this instance, you should use your digital camera's LCD. If you're worried about camera shake, use a tripod. However, especially with the sunrise, due to the brightness of the sky, your digital camera should normally be able to take very fast photos, minimizing any camera shake.
If you have a good optical zoom, here is an experiment you can do while taking digital camera photographs. When taking pictures of homes, skyscrapers, cabins, etc., zoom in on individual pieces of architecture. Take a minute to really look at your subject, and you may be able to find individual engravings, sections of paneling, or dents and scars in the wood of a cabin that may result in interesting pictures. The trick to taking better photos is to really observe a subject and see it from all angles. Go downtown, find some office buildings, and really take a minute or two to study them. You may find engravings or sculptures on or around the buildings that you have never noticed before.
Don't damage your digital camera equipment, or yourself, when traveling on double-decker buses! Some tour buses in large towns use double-decker buses for large groups. That way, those who want to take photos can do so without having to shoot through the glass of windows. While this offers a good opportunity for photographers, especially if there is ample light to take fast pictures to offset the speed of the vehicle, be careful with yourself and your equipment! Some of these buses may pass very close to low-hanging trees or stoplights. Thus, you should never stand up taking photographs while the vehicle is moving, no matter how incredible the subject. If you are not paying attention and stand up at the wrong time, a limb or other object could knock your camera right out of your hand, or worse, something can knock you in the head!
If you plan on taking digital photos at night, a tripod is practically essential. It is extremely hard to hold a camera still for the length of time needed for a good night exposure, and any shaking can result in blurred photos or completely blacked out subjects. With a tripod, you can set your digital camera to use a long exposure time, snap a photo, and not worry so much about 'camera-shake'. However, to remove any chance of camera movement, either purchase and use an external shutter release (if your camera supports such an accessory), or keep the shutter button held down during the entire exposure. Even the simplest motion of releasing the camera shutter button during a photo shoot can cause the camera to shake, rendering a beautiful photo almost worthless with blurriness.
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